You can exploit slack at many levels

• Circuits – Dual Vdd or Dual Vt designs

  • “Design methodology of Ultra Low-Power MPEG4 Codec Core Exploiting Voltage Scaling Techniques” – Igarashi et al, DAC’98 ~50% power reduction, no performance loss

• Microarchitecture

  • Macro-level clustered voltage scaling, multivoltage multithreading

• Applications, Operating Systems

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