STRING(CXXLB )

Shore Programmer's Manual - 2 August 96

NAME

SYNOPSIS

// in SDL:
interface stg {
public:
    attribute string    astring;
    attribute string    stringarray[10];

};

// signature of C++ binding for string/text types
// (The public part of the class declarations for 
// string and text attributes.)
class sdl_string
{
 public:
    char get(size_t n) const;    // get n'th character
    void get(char *s) const;    // get copy of entire string
    void get(char *s, size_t from, size_t len) const; // get a range of bytes

    void set(size_t n, char c);    // set n'th character
    void set(const char *s); // s is null-terminated
    void set(const char *s, size_t from, size_t len); // set a range of bytes

    int strlen(void) const;    //length of currently stored string
    int blen() const;          // available space as binary data.

    // C Library style names for modifying the string
    const char *memcpy(const char *s, size_t len); 
    void    bcopy(const char *s, size_t len);

    // conversion to C string.
    operator const char *() const;

    // const void * conversion, for use with mem/bcopy routines.
    operator const void *() const;
    const char * operator=(const char *); // conversion from C string

    const char *strcpy(const char *s);
    const char *strcat(const char *s);

    int strcmp(const char *s) const; 
    int strcmp(const sdl_string &string) const;

    int strncmp(const char *s, size_t len) const;
    int strncmp(const sdl_string &string, size_t len) const;
};

DESCRIPTION

The SDL string type is a variable length string for use in the definition of SDL interface object types.

Text Attributes

The SDL text type is similar, and allows the same operations as the string type, but there may be at most one text attribute per SDL object. The contents of the text attribute of a registered (named) SDL object is visible as a Unix file through the Shore Server.

Attributes of SDL objects declared as string or text can be read and written within SDL/C++ programs as if they were instances of a C++ class with the method signature shown above. The C++ binding of the SDL string type is designed for easy inter-operation with C-style null-terminated strings and char* pointers, and can be used with many of the functions described in string(3) (declared in the header file <string.h>. )

Memory-Areas

String attributes can be used to store a memory area (an array of characters bounded by a count, not terminated by a null character). String attributes can be used to store such an area by using one of the memcpy or bcopy member functions described below.

Use of string-style member functions and memory-area member functions cannot be intermixed.

Modifying String Values

The member functions that modify the value of a string attribute allocate temporary storage as necessary to store string or memory area values; the value of a string attribute may be treated as a const char * pointer value in many contexts, but the attribute may only be modified through member functions of the string class.

Examples

The following examples are base on use of an SDL C++ binding based on the SDL object type definition

interface stg {
public:
    attribute string astring;
    attribute string    stringarray[10];
    attribute text   atext;
};

Ref<stg> sref_val;
char *s;
char *s1, *s2;
size_t n;
size_t len;
int i;
char c;

The get member functions retrieve character values from string attributes.

    sref->astring.get(n);
    sref->astring.get((size_t)3);

    sref->astring.get(s);

    sref->astring.get(s,n,len)

    sref->astring.get(s, 0, sref->astring.strlen()+1)
    sref->astring.get(s)

The set member functions change the string value or subranges of the string value:

    sref.update()->astring.set(n,c);

    sref.update()->astring.set(s);

    sref.update()->astring.set(s,i,len)

A string attribute can be used as a const char * pointer, either by implicit coercion or by explicit casting. For example, a string attribute could be printed using printf by explicitly casting the reference to a const char * value:

    printf("astring: %s\n",(const char *)(sref->astring))

extern "C" long atoi(const char *);
    int nval = atoi(sref->astring);

If a string attribute is uninitialized, or if it has been set to NULL by an assignment operator, the value returned by the const char * conversion operator will be NULL.

The function strlen, as in the statement

    sref->astring.strlen()

    strlen(sref->str.attr);

    sref->astring.blen()

The method strcpy works as follows:

    sref.update()->astring.strcpy(s2)

    sref.update()->astring = s2;

Strcat works similarly:

    sref.update()->astring.strcat(s2)

Memcpy and bcopy ignore the null characters:

    sref.update()->astring.memcpy(s2,len)
    sref.update()->astring.bcopy(s2,len)

The functions strcmp and strncmp analogues to the string(3) functions:

    sref->astring.strcmp(s)
    sref->astring.strncmp(s, n)

    sref->astring.strcmp(sref->stringarray[i])
    sref->astring.strncmp(sref->stringarray[i], n)

VERSION

SPONSORSHIP

COPYRIGHT

SEE ALSO