Computation is usually regarded as algorithmic and other related mathematical methods of manipulation of data, in particular, numerical and digitized data. This view of computation has brought about many fruitful mathematical and physical questions, and it has resulted in great scientific accomplishments and beautiful theories. Alternative computation paradigms such as quantum computation, still in its infancy, have brought about fresh views of the process of computation and its abstract mathematical framework. In my lecture, I discuss extension of the notion of computation to the type of operations that we may call "biological computation", meaning strong ties between the process of computation, the biophysical features of computing media, and the process of life as we know it today. Present state of research in biological computation is extensively data driven and computationally demanding when we use conventional digital machines! Unlike digital and other non-biological forms of computation, certain desirable features such as learning, memory, and intelligence are manifest in biological computation. Moreover, recent research in genetic programming and other forms of evolutionary computation have shown the strong relationships that we can anticipate between the fundamentally different approaches of acquisition and manipulation of data by digital and biological computing paradigms. The mathematical questions that arise in this way are intriguing and occasionally hinting to need for abstraction of structures that mathematicians, statisticians, and computer scientists will find within their domain of theoretical research.