Robot Localization in Unstructured Environments

Dr. Karen T. Sutherland
University of Wisconsin-La Crosse
Department of Computer Science
suther@csfac.uwlax.edu

2:30 pm Fri. Dec. 16 in 2310 Computer Sciences and Statistics Bldg.

A robot navigating in an unstructured outdoor environment must determine its own location in spite of problems due to environmental conditions, sensor limitations and map inaccuracies. Exact measurements are seldom known, and the combination of approximate measures can lead to large errors in self-localization. The conventional approach to this problem has been to deal with the errors either during processing or after they occur.

Assuming that landmarks, such as mountain peaks, in the environment have been identified and matched to a map, we have shown that it is possible to limit localization errors before they occur. A simple algorithm can be used to exploit the geometric properties of the landmarks in order to decrease errors in localization. The goal is to choose landmarks which will provide the best localization regardless of measurement error.

The assumption on knowledge about the landmarks is then reconsidered and it is shown that geometric properties can again be used to order or partially order landmarks, avoiding the time consuming task of using more subtle characteristics to identify individual mountain peaks.